The subjective experience of pain: Where expectations become reality

The subjective experience of pain: where expectations become reality.

Our subjective sensory experiences are thought to be heavily shaped by interactions between expectations and incoming sensory information. However, the neural mechanisms supporting these interactions remain poorly understood. By using combined psychophysical and functional MRI techniques, brain activation related to the intensity of expected pain and experienced pain was characterized. As the m...

Helping expectations become reality for dying cancer patients.

Where do objects become scenes?

Regions tuned to individual visual categories, such as faces and objects, have been discovered in the later stages of the ventral visual pathway in the cortex. But most visual experience is composed of scenes, where multiple objects are interacting. Such interactions are readily described by prepositions or verb forms, for example, a bird perched on a birdhouse. At what stage in the pathway doe...

the effect of aqueous extract of garlic on formalin-induced pain in male rats

چکیده اثر عصاره آبی سیر بر درد ناشی از آزمون فرمالین در موش صحرایی نر به کوشش نرگس اسکندری روزبهانی زمینه و هدف: گیاه سیر از خانواده لیلیاسه و گونهallium sativum بومی آسیای میانه بوده و از دوران ،باستان تاکنون به خواص درمانی متفاوت آن مثل: کاهندگی قندخون، کلسترول خون، فشار خون، اثرات مفیدآن بر دستگاه قلبی عروقی و بیماریهای انعقادی خون، اثرات آنتی اکسیداتیو، درمان بیماریهای تنفسی وگوارشی، ا...

Measuring Revisions to Subjective Expectations

This paper develops a new metric to measure revisions to subjective expectations and proposes a survey design strategy that enables the estimation of the metric. As an application, I analyze how women update their expectations about the e¤ectiveness of contraception methods. The women interviewed exhibit substantial heterogeneity in the way they revise their expectations with receipt of the sam...